The Problem of Human Mortality: A Critique of Atheism

In this paper, we will examine the philosophical implications of atheism and argue that it fails to provide a coherent explanation for human existence. Specifically, we will focus on the concept of mortality and its relationship with time.

The Infinite Nature of Time

Atheists often argue that the universe is infinite in nature, with no beginning or end. This perspective raises questions about the significance of human existence within an eternal framework. If time is indeed infinite, what justification can be given for the finite nature of human life?

The Problem of Mortality

Bertrand Russell, a prominent atheist philosopher, wrote: “Man is the creature who cannot come to terms with his own mortality.” [1] This statement highlights the existential crisis that arises from acknowledging our mortal existence. If time is infinite, why do humans have such a limited duration?

The Finite Nature of Human Existence

From a logical perspective, it seems arbitrary for an eternal deity (or universe) to create finite beings with a predetermined lifespan. Why would an all-powerful being limit the existence of its creations? This limitation appears even more puzzling when considering the infinite nature of time.

The Concept of Eternal Purpose

One possible explanation for human mortality is that it serves a greater purpose within the grand scheme of existence. Perhaps our finite lives are meant to contribute to an eternal narrative, where individual experiences and achievements accumulate to form a larger tapestry of meaning.

However, this perspective raises further questions:

  • What is the nature of this eternal purpose?
  • How do individual mortalities contribute to it?
  • Is this purpose tied to human existence alone or part of a broader cosmic framework?

Atheism’s Failure to Address Mortality

Atheism, by rejecting the concept of an eternal deity, struggles to provide a coherent explanation for human mortality. Without a higher power or eternal purpose, our finite lives seem arbitrary and lacking in significance.

Prominent atheists like Richard Dawkins and Christopher Hitchens have attempted to address this issue:

  • Dawkins argues that life’s meaning is derived from our subjective experiences and the pursuit of happiness [2].
  • Hitchens posits that human existence is made meaningful through our capacity for love, art, and intellectual pursuits [3].

While these perspectives offer some insight, they ultimately fail to provide a comprehensive explanation for mortality. They sidestep the fundamental question: Why do humans have such a limited duration within an infinite universe?

Rebuttal of Atheist Counterarguments

Some atheists may counter that:

  • Human existence is but a brief moment in the grand scheme of cosmic time, rendering our finite lives insignificant [4].
  • The concept of an eternal deity is unnecessary, as natural processes and evolution can explain human existence [5].

However, these rebuttals fail to address the core issue: If time is infinite, why do humans have such a limited duration? Simply acknowledging the brevity of human life or attributing it to natural processes does not provide a satisfactory explanation for mortality.

Conclusion

In conclusion, atheism’s inability to coherently explain human mortality within an infinite universe raises significant philosophical concerns. The finite nature of human existence appears arbitrary and unjustified without an eternal purpose or deity to contextualize our lives.

As we ponder the meaning of human existence, we are left with two options:

  1. Accept that human mortality is a brute fact, lacking inherent significance.
  2. Consider the possibility of an eternal deity or higher power that provides a framework for understanding our finite lives within an infinite universe.

The latter option offers a more comprehensive and logical explanation for human existence, highlighting the limitations of atheism in addressing the fundamental questions of human mortality and purpose.

References

[1] Russell, B. (1912). The Problems of Philosophy.

[2] Dawkins, R. (2006). The God Delusion.

[3] Hitchens, C. (2007). God Is Not Great: How Religion Poisons Everything.

[4] Harris, S. (2010). The Moral Landscape.

[5] Dennett, D. C. (1995). Darwin’s Dangerous Idea: Evolution and the Meanings of Life.